{"id":3230,"date":"2011-10-04T07:59:05","date_gmt":"2011-10-04T04:59:05","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.musekautas.lt\/?p=3230"},"modified":"2011-12-29T21:08:00","modified_gmt":"2011-12-29T19:08:00","slug":"sistematika-pseudovabzdziaedziai-bromelijiniai-bromeliaceae-brocchinia-catopsis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.musekautas.lt\/?p=3230","title":{"rendered":"Sistematika. Pseudovabzd\u017eia\u0117d\u017eiai. Bromelijiniai – Bromeliaceae (Brocchinia, Catopsis)"},"content":{"rendered":"

Bromelijiniai <\/strong>(Bromeliaceae<\/em>) – labai didel\u0117 \u017eiedini\u0173 augal\u0173 \u0161eima. Joje yra 57 gentys, kuriose priskai\u010diuojama netoli 3200 augal\u0173 r\u016b\u0161i\u0173.Paplit\u0119 \u0160iaur\u0117s Amerikos pietuose, Centrin\u0117je Amerikoje ir Pietin\u0117s Amerikos \u0161iaur\u0117je bei Vakarin\u0117je Afrikos dalyje.<\/p>\n

Sistematin\u0117 \u0161eimos pad\u0117tis: Karalyst\u0117 \u2013 Augalai (Plantae<\/em>), skyrius \u2013 Magnolij\u016bnai (Magnoliophyta<\/em>), klas\u0117 \u2013 Lelijainiai (Liliopsida<\/em>), eil\u0117 \u2013 Miglie\u010diai (Poales<\/em>), \u0161eima \u2013 Bromelijiniai (Bromeliaceae<\/em>).<\/p>\n

Bromelijini\u0173 \u0161eimos viduje gentys apjungiamos \u012f kelis po\u0161eimius: Bromelioideae <\/em>(32 gentys, 861 r\u016b\u0161is), Pitcairnioideae <\/em>(16 gen\u010di\u0173, 1030 r\u016b\u0161i\u0173) ir Tillandsioideae <\/em>(9 gentys, 1277 r\u016b\u0161ys).<\/p>\n

Visi bromelijiniai augalai formuoja lap\u0173 skroteles, dauguma \u0161iomis skrotel\u0117mis surenka lietaus vanden\u012f taip juo apsir\u016bpindami. Taip pat lap\u0173 skrotel\u0117se gali irti nukrit\u0119 tenai lapai ar \u012fkrit\u0119 smulk\u016bs gyviai. Atsilaisvinusias puvimo procese maisto med\u017eiagas augalai gali panaudoti savo reikm\u0117ms. Bet tai dar n\u0117ra vabzd\u017eia\u0117di\u0161kumas<\/a> ar pseudovabzd\u017eia\u0117di\u0161kumas<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Keletas briomelijini\u0173 augal\u0173 r\u016b\u0161i\u0173, priklausan\u010di\u0173 skirtingoms gentims ir net gi po\u0161eimiams, tok\u012f apsir\u016bpinimo maisto med\u017eiagomis i\u0161 skrotel\u0117n patekusio vandens ir p\u016bvan\u010di\u0173 organizm\u0173 kiek i\u0161vyst\u0117. \u0160ios r\u016b\u0161ys priklauso gentims Catopsis <\/em>(po\u0161eimis Tillandsioidea<\/em>) ir Brocchinia <\/em>(po\u0161eimis Pitcairnioidea<\/em>).<\/p>\n

Catopsis<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tai nedidel\u0117, 18 r\u016b\u0161i\u0173 jungianti bromelijini\u0173 gentis. Vis\u0173 r\u016b\u0161i\u0173 augalai yra apifitai, augantys pa\u010diose med\u017ei\u0173 vir\u0161\u016bn\u0117se. Ir tik keletas r\u016b\u0161i\u0173, tarp j\u0173 ir Catopsis berteroniana,<\/em> \u012ftariamos esan\u010dios vabzd\u017eia\u0117d\u0117mis.<\/p>\n

Joki\u0173 ypating\u0173 gaudykli\u0173 \u0161ios r\u016b\u0161ys neformuoja, skrotel\u0117 neturi joki\u0173 ai\u0161kiai skirting\u0173 nuo kit\u0173 bromelijini\u0173 darini\u0173. Ta\u010diau jose apart simbiontini\u0173 bakterij\u0173 aptikta ir kai kuri\u0173 vir\u0161kinam\u0173j\u0173 augalo i\u0161skiriam\u0173 ferment\u0173 – o tai jau vabzd\u017eia\u0117di\u0161kumo po\u017eymis.<\/p>\n

Brocchinia<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kita nedidel\u0117 bromelijini\u0173 \u0161eima, kurioje yra 20 augal\u0173 r\u016b\u0161i\u0173. Daugelis \u0161ios \u0161eimos atstov\u0173 pasisavina maisto med\u017eiagas i\u0161 p\u016bvan\u010di\u0173 augal\u0173 dali\u0173, patekusi\u0173 \u012f skroteles, ar gyv\u016bn\u0173 ekskrement\u0173, j\u0173 liekan\u0173. Ta\u010diau ma\u017eiausiai dvi r\u016b\u0161ys – Brocchinia reducta<\/em> and B. hechtioides<\/em> – jau yra priskiriamos vabzd\u017eia\u0117d\u0117ms. J\u0173 skrotel\u0117se susikaupusiame skystyje 2005 metais buvo aptikta fosfatazi\u0173 – vir\u0161kinam\u0173j\u0173 ferment\u0173.<\/p>\n

Wikipedijos si\u016blomi informacijos \u0161altiniai:<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Frank, J.H. & O’Meara, G.F. (1984). The bromeliad Catopsis berteroniana traps terrestrial arthropods but harbors Wyeomyia larvae (Diptera: Culicidae). Florida Entomologist 67: 418-424.<\/em><\/li>\n
  2. Givnish TJ, Millam KC, Berry PE, Sytsma KJ. 2007. Phylogeny, adaptive radiation, and historical biogeography of Bromeliaceae inferred from ndhF sequence data. Aliso 23: 3-26.<\/em><\/li>\n
  3. Givnish TJ, Burkhardt EL, Happel RE, Weintraub JW. 1985. Carnivory in the bromeliad Brocchinia reducta, with a cost\/benefit model for the general restriction of carnivorous plants to sunny, moist, nutrient-poor habitats. American Naturalist 124: 479-497.<\/em><\/li>\n
  4. Gilmartin AJ. 1988. Phylogenetic relationships of groups of genera within the subfamily Pitcairnioideae (Bromeliaceae). Systematic Botany, 13: 283-293.<\/em><\/li>\n
  5. Benzing DH. 1980. The Biology of the Bromeliads. California: Mad River Press.<\/em><\/li>\n
  6. Benzing DH. 2000. Bromeliaceae: Portrait of an Adaptive Radiation, Cambridge University Press, New York.<\/em><\/li>\n
  7. Givnish TJ, Sytsma KJ, Smith JE, Hahn WJ, Benzing DH, Burkhardt EL. 1997. Molecular evolution and adaptive radiation in „Brocchinia” (Bromeliaceae: Pitcairnioideae) atop tepuis of the Guayana Shield. Pp. 259-311 in TJ Givnish and KJ Sytsma, „Molecular Evolution and Adaptive Radiation”, Cambridge University Press.<\/em><\/li>\n
  8. Plachno BJ, Jankun A. 2005. Phosphatase activity in glandular structures of carnivorous plant traps, International Botanical Congress Vienna, P1716, The Jagiellonian Univ., Inst. of Botany, Dept. of Plant Cytology and Embryology, Krakow, Poland.<\/em><\/li>\n
  9. Benzing DH, Givnish TJ, Bermudes D. 1985. Absorptive trichomes in Brocchinia reducta (Bromeliaceae) and their evolutionary and systematic significance. Systematic Botany, 10(1): 81-91.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Jogaila Mackevi\u010dius<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Bromelijiniai (Bromeliaceae) – labai didel\u0117 \u017eiedini\u0173 augal\u0173 \u0161eima. Joje yra 57 gentys, kuriose priskai\u010diuojama netoli 3200 augal\u0173 r\u016b\u0161i\u0173.Paplit\u0119 \u0160iaur\u0117s Amerikos pietuose, Centrin\u0117je Amerikoje ir Pietin\u0117s Amerikos \u0161iaur\u0117je bei Vakarin\u0117je Afrikos dalyje. Sistematin\u0117 \u0161eimos pad\u0117tis: Karalyst\u0117 \u2013 Augalai (Plantae), skyrius \u2013 Magnolij\u016bnai (Magnoliophyta), klas\u0117 \u2013 Lelijainiai (Liliopsida), eil\u0117 \u2013 Miglie\u010diai (Poales), \u0161eima \u2013 Bromelijiniai (Bromeliaceae). Bromelijini\u0173 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[588],"tags":[601,597,596,598,603,602,362,600],"class_list":["post-3230","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-pseudovabzdziaedziai-2","tag-brocchinia","tag-bromeliaceae","tag-bromelijiniai","tag-catopsis","tag-fosfatazes","tag-proteazes","tag-pseudovabzdziaedziai","tag-virskinimo-fermentai"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.musekautas.lt\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3230","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.musekautas.lt\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.musekautas.lt\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.musekautas.lt\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.musekautas.lt\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3230"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.musekautas.lt\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3230\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.musekautas.lt\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3230"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.musekautas.lt\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3230"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.musekautas.lt\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3230"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}