{"id":1163,"date":"2010-11-04T06:45:54","date_gmt":"2010-11-04T06:45:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.musekautas.puslapiai.lt\/?p=1163"},"modified":"2019-02-10T21:18:58","modified_gmt":"2019-02-10T19:18:58","slug":"pagalbininkai-viksriai-juncus","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.musekautas.lt\/?p=1163","title":{"rendered":"Pagalbininkai. Vik\u0161riai – Juncus"},"content":{"rendered":"

Stambesniems, didesniems vabzd\u017eia\u0117d\u017eiams augalams ar j\u0173 kompozicijoms gali b\u016bti panaudoti dar vienos genties augalai – vik\u0161riai.<\/p>\n

Vik\u0161riai \u00a0<\/strong>(Juncus<\/em>) \u2013 vik\u0161rini\u0173 (Juncaceae<\/em>) \u0161eimos augal\u0173 gentis. \u00a0Tai daugiame\u010diai \u0161akniastiebiniai augalai su gerai i\u0161vystytomis kuok\u0161tin\u0117mis \u0161aknimis. Lap\u0173 lak\u0161tai su skersin\u0117mis pertvaromis.<\/p>\n

Genties pavadinimas kildinamas i\u0161 lotyni\u0161ko \u017eod\u017eio jungere – suri\u0161ti, supinti. Senov\u0117je \u00a0i\u0161 \u0161i\u0173 augal\u0173 buvo pinamos virv\u0117s. Genties pavadinimai kitomis kalbomis: angli\u0161kai – Rush<\/em>, voki\u0161kai – Binsen<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Dauguma genties atstov\u0173 auga pakrant\u0117se ar labai dr\u0117gnose pievose. Reikl\u016bs dirvo\u017eemio dr\u0117gmei, maisto med\u017eiagoms. Tod\u0117l kaip ir viksvos ar viksvuol\u0117s gali b\u016bti naudojami kaip perteklini\u0173 maisto med\u017eiag\u0173 filtras i\u0161 vabzd\u017eia\u0117d\u017ei\u0173 augal\u0173 substrato. <\/p>\n

Labiau m\u0117gsta sunkesn\u012f dirvo\u017eem\u012f, tod\u0117l sodinant ir persodinant d\u0117ti daug substrato purikli\u0173 (sm\u0117lio, \u017evyro, perlito ir pan.) nerekomenduotina.\u00a0 Papras\u010diausias substratas – nat\u016bralios ar neutralios durp\u0117s su sm\u0117liu (5:1).<\/p>\n

Pasibaigiant vegetacijos periodui, kuos galima nupjauti iki pat substrato pavir\u0161iaus. Naujos vegetacijos prad\u017eioje jie dar ve\u0161liau at\u017eelia ir \u0161akniastiebyje susikaupusi\u0173 pumpur\u0173.<\/p>\n

\u0160alia melsvalap\u0117s sarac\u0117nijos (Sarracenia leucophylla) dirbtin\u0117je pelkut\u0117je pasodintas nedidelis k\u0117stojo vik\u0161rio (Juncus effusus) keras<\/p><\/div>\n

Vidutinio klimato r\u016b\u0161ys, augan\u010dios ir m\u016bs\u0173 \u0161alyje, lengvai pakelia didelius \u0161al\u010dius. Nepaisant to, vik\u0161rius galima auginti ir be ramyb\u0117s periodo. Ta\u010diau verta atminti, kad augdami kambaryje \u017eiemos metu, nors ir gaudami pakankamai dr\u0117gm\u0117s, vik\u0161riai pama\u017eu praranda savo dekoratyvum\u0105 – nud\u017ei\u016bna lap\u0173 vir\u0161\u016bn\u0117s, augalai praranda nat\u016brali\u0105 spalv\u0105, tampa i\u0161bly\u0161k\u0119.<\/p>\n

Vik\u0161rius su vabzd\u017eia\u0117d\u017eiai komponuoti geriausia didesniuose induose ir su stambesniais augalais (pavyzd\u017eiui, sarac\u0117nijomis), nevert\u0117t\u0173 \u0161i\u0173 augal\u0173 susodinti \u012f kompozicij\u0105 per daug.<\/p>\n

Galima juos auginti ir bendrame pad\u0117kle su vandeniu, tada vabzd\u017eia\u0117d\u017ei\u0173 ir vik\u0161ri\u0173 \u0161aknys konkuruos tik d\u0117l dr\u0117gm\u0117s ir maisto med\u017eiag\u0173, bet erdviniu po\u017ei\u016briu bus atskirtos.<\/p>\n

Juncus effusus – k\u0117stasis vik\u0161ris<\/p><\/div>\n

Mokslininkai priskai\u010diuoja nuo 220 iki 300 vik\u0161ri\u0173 r\u016b\u0161i\u0173 (kai kurios j\u0173 labai pana\u0161ios viena \u012f kit\u0105, tod\u0117l tarp sistematik\u0173 vis dar vyksta gin\u010dai). Lietuvoje auga 17, tod\u0117l nesunku pasirinkti tinkamiausi\u0105.<\/p>\n

Lietuvoje augan\u010di\u0173 ir paplitusi\u0173 \u00a0vik\u0161ri\u0173 r\u016b\u0161i\u0173 s\u0105ra\u0161as:\u00a0smailia\u017eiedis vik\u0161ris (Juncus acutiflorus<\/em>), alpinis vik\u0161ris (Juncus alpinoarticulatus<\/em>), varlinis vik\u0161ris (Juncus ambiguus<\/em>), nariuotalapis vik\u0161ris (Juncus articulatus<\/em>), baltijinis vik\u0161ris (Juncus balticus<\/em>), rup\u016b\u017einis vik\u0161ris (Juncus bufonius<\/em>), li\u016bninis vik\u0161ris (Juncus bulbosus<\/em>),\u00a0plok\u0161\u010diastiebis vik\u0161ris (Juncus compressus<\/em>), glausta\u017eiedis vik\u0161ris (Juncus conglomeratus<\/em>), k\u0117stasis vik\u0161ris (Juncus effusus<\/em>), si\u016blinis vik\u0161ris (Juncus filiformis<\/em>), melsvasis vik\u0161ris (Juncus inflexus<\/em>), \u0161erialapis vik\u0161ris (Juncus squarrosus<\/em>), laibasis vik\u0161ris (Juncus tenuis<\/em>).<\/p>\n

Pasirinkti tikrai yra i\u0161 ko.<\/p>\n

Be \u0161i\u0173 r\u016b\u0161i\u0173 turime ir tris, \u012fra\u0161ytas \u012f Lietuvos raudon\u0105j\u0105 knyg\u0105: druskinis vik\u0161ris (Juncus gerardi<\/em>), galvinis vik\u0161ris (Juncus capitatus<\/em>), pelkinis vik\u0161ris (Juncus stygius<\/em>).<\/p>\n

\u0160i\u0173 r\u016b\u0161i\u0173 augalus b\u016btina palikti augti ten, kur jie ir augo. Nevalia taipogi rinkti ir j\u0173 s\u0117kl\u0173.<\/p>\n

Panaudojant nat\u016braliai gamtoje augan\u010di\u0173 r\u016b\u0161i\u0173 genofond\u0105 yra i\u0161vesta nema\u017eai tarpr\u016b\u0161ini\u0173 hibrid\u0173, veisli\u0173. Daugelis r\u016b\u0161i\u0173 turi spiralis <\/em>formas, pasi\u017eymin\u010dias pakitusiais, tarsi spirale susisukusiais lapais.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

I\u0161 toki\u0173 form\u0173, kry\u017emindami jas su gelsvalap\u0117mis ar melsvalap\u0117mis, \u00a0selekcininkai ypa\u010d m\u0117gsta i\u0161vesti dekoratyvines, labiau pritaikytas sausesn\u0117ms g\u0117li\u0173 dar\u017eeli\u0173 s\u0105lygoms veisles.<\/p>\n

Informacijos \u0161altiniai:<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Wikipedia<\/a> (genties apra\u0161ymas, r\u016b\u0161i\u0173 s\u0105ra\u0161as).<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Jogaila Mackevi\u010dius<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Stambesniems, didesniems vabzd\u017eia\u0117d\u017eiams augalams ar j\u0173 kompozicijoms gali b\u016bti panaudoti dar vienos genties augalai – vik\u0161riai. Vik\u0161riai \u00a0(Juncus) \u2013 vik\u0161rini\u0173 (Juncaceae) \u0161eimos augal\u0173 gentis. \u00a0Tai daugiame\u010diai \u0161akniastiebiniai augalai su gerai i\u0161vystytomis kuok\u0161tin\u0117mis \u0161aknimis. Lap\u0173 lak\u0161tai su skersin\u0117mis pertvaromis. Genties pavadinimas kildinamas i\u0161 lotyni\u0161ko \u017eod\u017eio jungere – suri\u0161ti, supinti. Senov\u0117je \u00a0i\u0161 \u0161i\u0173 augal\u0173 buvo pinamos virv\u0117s. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[192,193,546,547],"class_list":["post-1163","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bendroji-prieziura","tag-juncaceae","tag-juncus","tag-viksriai","tag-viksris"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.musekautas.lt\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1163","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.musekautas.lt\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.musekautas.lt\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.musekautas.lt\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.musekautas.lt\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1163"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.musekautas.lt\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1163\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.musekautas.lt\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1163"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.musekautas.lt\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1163"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.musekautas.lt\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1163"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}